Hardness and distribution of pores in the structure of foamed polyvinyl chloride of various density

Keywords

foamed polyvinyl chloride, microstructure, pore morphology, hardness.

Cite as

Krechkovska H. V., Halushchak А. V., Student О. Z., and Svirska L. М. Hardness and distribution of pores in the structure of foamed polyvinyl chloride of various density. Physicochemical Mechanics of Materials. 2025. 61(3), 022-026.

https://doi.org/10.15407/pcmm2025.03.022

Abstract

The features of pore formation in the structure of foamed polyvinyl chloride (FPVC) with different densities are considered. The pore distribution regularities over the sheet thickness are established. The pore area per unit area of the transverse and longitudinal sections of the sheets is estimated. It is found that the lower the density of FPVC, the greater the difference in the area between the pores in two directions. It is shown that the Shore hardness measured on the surface of the sheets correlates with their density, whereas its values measured in the centre of their cross-section are practically independent of their density. The obtained results are important for further improvement of both FPVC manufacturing technology and its structure, and, accordingly, the mechanical properties and durability of products made of it for the construction industry.

References

1. Amir Fathi, Mechanical Properties of Strand PET Foams at Different Length Scales, Doctoral thesis (2018).
2. G. Mathews, PVC. Production, Properties and Uses, CRC Press (2024). https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003575863
3. Y. Zhou, and D. Wang, “Mechanical and thermal properties of foamed PVC composite materials,” Polymer Composites, 32, Is. 3, 437-443 (2011).
4. H. A. Maddah, “Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC): production, properties and uses,” American J. of Sci. Res., 2, 143-151 (2016).
5. X. X. Q. Jiang, “Rief analysis on application of PVC foam materials in building material industry,” Mater. Sci. Forum, 944, 729-735 (2019). https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.944.729
6. H.-R. Lin, M.-D. Shau, and Z.-W. Chiou, “Mechanical characterization of microcellular foamed PVC/wood-flour composites,” J. of Polymer Res., 8, Is. 4, 241- 251 (2001).
7. M. M. Jamel, P. Khoshnoud, S. Gunashekar, and N. Abu-Zahra, “Mechanical properties and dimensional stability of rigid PVC foam composites filled with high aspect ratio phlogopite mica,” J. of Minerals and Mater. Characterisation and Eng., 3, 237-247 (2015). https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2015.34026
8. ASTM D2240 – 05. Standard Test Method for Rubber Property-Durometer Hardness (2010).