Influence of preliminary electroslag remelting of flux-cored wire charge materials on the structure and wear resistance of arc-deposited metal

Keywords

electroslag remelting, arc surfacing, flux-cored wire, ferroalloys, microstructure, carbides, wear resistance.

Cite as

Riabtsev I. I. and Lentyugov I. P. Influence of preliminary electroslag remelting of flux-cored wire charge materials on the structure and wear resistance of arc-deposited metal. Physicochemical Mechanics of Materials. 2026. 62(2), 078-083.

https://doi.org/10.15407/pcmm2026.02.078

Abstract

The effect of preliminary electroslag remelting (ESR) of flux-cored wire (CW) charge materials on the chemical composition, microstructure, and wear resistance of metal deposited by arc surfacing is investiged. A comparative analysis was performed for four types of CW charge materials: granular powder PG-R6M5, a ligature produced from PG-R6M5 powder after ESR, a mixture of pure metal powders, and a mixture of ferroalloy powders. The composition of the charge materials was selected to ensure an identical che­mical composition of the deposited metal. It is shown that preliminary ESR of PG-R6M5 powder significantly reduces the sulfur content and the amount of nonmetallic inclusions in the deposited metal, but practically does not affect its wear resistance under dry metal–metal friction conditions. The highest wear resistance is exhibited by the metal deposited using a CW with a charge based on a mixture of ferroalloy powders. This is associated with the formation of a fine-grained structure with a uniformly distributed carbide phase in the deposited metal.

References

1. I.О. Ryabtsev, “Structural inheritance in the system initial materials-metal melt-solid meta,” Avtomatychne Zvaryuvannya [in Ukrainian], Is. 11, 11-16 (2006).
2. X. Wang, and H. Li, “Microstructure and wear properties of electroslag remelting layer reinforced by TiC particles,” J. Univ. Sci. Technol. Beijing, 15, 6, 769-774 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1005-8850(08)60285-6
3. M.M. Student, S.I. Markovych, V.M. Hvozdetskyi, O.S. Kalakhan, and V.M. Yuskiv, “Abrasive wear resistance and tribological characteristics of electrometallized composite coatings,” Mater. Sci., 58, Is. 1, 96-104 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11003-022-00636-4
4. A.A. Babinets, I.O. Ryabtsev, I.P. Lentyuhov, S.L. Schwab, and M.M. Voron, “The influence of the heredity effect on the structure of multilayer metal deposited with flux-cored wires,” Mater. Sci., 61, Is. 2, 165-173 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11003-025-00975-y
5. L. Zhang, “Evaluation of electroslag remelting in TiC particle reinforced stainless steel,” Mater. Sci. and Eng., 528, 5664-5669 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2011.03.072
6. M. Ali, D. Porter, and J. Kömi, “The effect of electroslag remelting on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ultrahigh-strength steels,” Metals, 10, Is. 2, 262 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/met10020262
7. Z. Huang, and Y. He, “Effect of directional solidification of electroslag remelting on microstructure and primary carbides,” J. of Mater. Proc. Technol., 249, 32-38 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.05.034
8. Yu.M. Kuskov, “Application of flux-cored wires in surfacing,” Avtomatychne Zvaryuvannya [in Ukrainian], Is. 3, 35-41 (2019). https://doi.org/10.15407/tpwj2019.03.05
9. I.M. Rybalko, O.V. Tikhonov, and A.V. Zakharov, “The influence of modifying impurities on the microstructure of deposited layers,” Tsentralnouktainskyi Naukovyi Visnyk [in Ukrainian], Is. 6, 166-173 (2024).
10. I.O. Boiko, and V.V. Pashynskyi, “Increasing wear resistance of surfaced tool steel by flux-cored wire composition optimization,” Sci. J. of Metinvest Polytechnic, Is. 2, 7-14 (2024).
11. J.R. Davis, Surface Engineering for Corrosion and Wear Resistance, ASM Int., Materials Park, OH (2001). https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.secwr.9781627083157
12. K.H. Zum Gahr, Microstructure and Wear of Materials, Elsevier, Amsterdam (1987).
13. I.G. Goryacheva, Contact Mechanics in Tribology, Springer, Dordrecht (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9048-8
14. E. Lugscheider, K. Bobzin, “Wear mechanisms of hardfacing alloys,” Surf. & Coat. Technol., 142-144, 813-816 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01182-3
15. P.J. Blau, Friction Science and Technology, CRC Press., Boca Raton (2009).
16. G.E. Totten, Steel Heat Treatment, CRC Press., Boca Raton (2006). https://doi.org/10.1201/NOF0849384530
17. ASM Handbook. Friction, Lubrication, and Wear Technology, Vol. 18, ASM Int., Materials Park, OH (2017).
18. I.M. Hutchings, and P. Shipway, Tribology: Friction and Wear of Engineering Materials, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100910-9.00003-9
19. I.V. Kragelskyi, M.N. Dobychin, and V.C. Kombalov, Basics of Fiction and Wear Calculations [in Russian], Mashinostroyeniye, Moscow (1977).