Mechanisms of pitting corrosion of austenitic steels of heat-exchangers in circulating waters and its prediction

Keywords

pitting resistance, austenitic steels, structure, circulating water, heat exchangers.

Cite as

Narivs’kyi O. E., Subbotin S. O., Pulina T. V., Leoshchenko S. D., Khoma M. S., and Ratska N. B. Mechanisms of pitting corrosion of austenitic steels of heat-exchangers in circulating waters and its prediction. Physicochemical Mechanics of Materials. 2023. 59(3), 23-30.

https://doi.org/10.15407/pcmm2023.03.023

Abstract

Mathematical models of the dependence of the critical pitting temperature (CPT) of AISI 304, AISI 321, 12Kh18N10T  and 08Kh18N10  steels on their chemical composition, structural heterogeneity, as well as pH and chloride concentration of circulating water have been developed. They are based on quadratic regressions with first-order partials and on polynomials with a reduced number of features. Applying mathematical models, it is established that the pitting resistance of these steels increases with an increase in the ave­rage distance between oxides, the average diameter of austenite grain, specific magne­tic susceptibility, and a decrease in the volume of d-ferrite and the number of the smallest oxides up to 1.98 mm in size. The positive effect of Cr and Mn on the pitting resistance of the studied steels is studied. Probably this occurs due to the increase of the solubility of N in austenite, reduction of the diffusion intensity of Fe atoms to the surface of stable pitting and the increase of Cr to metastable ones, contributing to their repassivation, which in­creases the pitting resistance of steels. The developed mathematical models are recom­mended to be used for choosing optimal grades of austenitic steels and predicting their pitting resistance during operation of heat exchangers in circulating waters.

References

1. N. M. Zinger, A. M. Taradai, and L. S. Barmina, Plate Heat Exchangers in Heat Supply Systems [in Russian], Energoatomizdat, Moscow (1995).
2. Yu. V. Gorbatskiy, and G. A. Steepanov, “Comparative analysis of rolled sheets of austenite steels of domestic and foreign production,” Khimicheskoe i Neftianoe Mashinostrioyeniye [in Russian], Is. 2, 43-44 (2002).
3. V. A. Kachanov, L. A. Klyushnikova, and T. A. Balak, “Pointed pitting corrosion of austenitic steels in circulating waters,” Vestn. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical Univ., Ser. Khimiya, Khimicheskiye Tekcnologii i Ecologiya [in Ukrainian], 61-68 (2000).
4. O. E. Narivs’kyi, “Corrosion fracture of platelike heat exchangers,” Mater. Sci., 41, No. 1, 122-128 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11003-005-0140-8
5. N. D. Sakhnenko, P. A. Kapustenko, M. V. Ved’, and S. G. Zhelavskyi, “Study of stainless steels susceptibility to pitting corrosion in hot water supply systems,” Zhyrnal Prikladnoi Khimii, Is. 1, 80-83 (1998).
6. O. I. Zvirko, O. Z. Student, I. M. Andreiko, M. S. Kurylas, and R. V. Palash, “Signs of in-service corrosion-fatigue damage to stainless steel of heat-exchanger plates,” Mater. Sci., 57, No. 5, 626-632 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11003-022-00588-9
7. O. E. Narivskyi, S. A. Subbotin, T. V. Pulina, and M. S. Khoma, “Assessment and prediction of the pitting resistance of plate-like heat Exchangers made of AISI 304 steel and operating in circulating,” Mater. Sci., 58, No. 1, 41-46 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11003-022-00628-4
8. O. E. Narivskyi, S. B. Belikov, S. A. Subbotin, and T. V. Pulina, “Influence of chloride-containing media on the pitting resistance of AISI 321 steel,” Mater. Sci., 57, No. 2, 291-297 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11003-021-00544-z
9. D. A. Freedman, Statistical Model: Theory and Practice, Cambridge University Press (2005). https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139165495
10. O. Narivs’kyi, R. Atchibayev, A. Kemelchanova, G. Yar-Mukhamedova, G. Snzhnoi, S. Subbotin, and A. Beissebayeva, “Mathematical modeling of the corrosion behavior of austenitic steels in chloride-containing media during the operation of plate-like heat exchangers,” Eurasian Chem.-Technolog. J., 24, Is. 4, 295-301 (2022). https://doi.org/10.18321/ectj1473
11. V. G. Mishchenko, G. V. Snighnoi, and O. E. Narivskyy, “Magnetometric investigetions of corrosion behaviour AISI304 steel in chloride containg environment,” Metallofizika i Noveishie Tehnologii [in Ukrainian], 33, Is. 6, 769-774 (2011).
12. G. V. Snezhnoi, “The role of the magnetic state of austenite in the formation of corrosion resistance of austenitic chromium-nickel steels,” Avaitsionnaya Tekhnika i Trekhnologiya [in Russian], 95, Is. 8, 141-144 (2012).
13. R. A. Perren, P. J. Uggowitzer, and M. O. Speidel, “Microstructure and corrosion resistance of supper duplex stainless steel,” in: Proc. 5th World Conf. Duplex Stainless Steel, Maastricht (1997), pp. 879-902.
14. S. Gutierrez de Sainz-Solabarria, and J. M. San Juan Nunez, “Estudio de la susceptibilidad de un acero inoxidable austenitico establizado con niobio al danado por tensocorrosion en midio H2S (SSC) y corrosion intergranular (IGC) en otros medios agresivos,” Deformacion Metalica, Is. 226, 77-83 (1996).
15. R. F. A. Jargelius-Pettersson, “Electrochemical investigation of the influence of nitrogen alloying on pitting corrosion of austenitic stainless steels,” Corros. Sci., 41, Is. 8, 1639-1664 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-938X(99)00013-X
16. R. F. A. Jargelius-Pettersson, “Sensitization behaviour and corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steels alloyed with nitrogen and manganese,” ISIJ Int., 36, Is. 7, 818-824 (1996). https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.36.818
17. P. R. Levey, and A. Van Bennekom, “A mechanistic study of the effects of nitrogen on the corrosion properties of stainless steels,” Corros., 51, Is. 12, 911-921 (1995). https://doi.org/10.5006/1.3293567
18. R. C. Newman, and M.A. A. Ajjawi, “A micro-electrode study of the nitrate effect on pitting of stainless steels,” Corros. Sci., 26, Is. 12, 1057-1063 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-938X(86)90133-2
19. R. Bandy, and D. Van Rooyen, “Properties of nitrogen-containing stainless alloy designed for high resistance to pitting,” Corros., 41, Is. 4, 228-233 (1985). https://doi.org/10.5006/1.3581995
20. H. J. Grabke, “The role of nitrogen in the corrosion of iron and steels,” ISIJ Int., 36, Is. 7, 777-786 (1996). https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.36.777
21. R. C. Newman, and T. Shahrabi, “The effect of alloyed nitrogen or dissolved nitrate ions on the anodic behaviour of austenitic stainless steel in hydrochloric acid,” Corros. Sci., 27, Is. 8, 827-838 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-938X(87)90040-0
22. A. Sadough Vanini, J.-P. Audouard, and P. Marcus, “The role of nitrogen in the passivity of austenitic stainless steels,” Corros. Sci., 36, Is. 11, 1825-1834 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-938X(94)90021-3
23. H. Ha, and H. Kwon, “Effects of Cr2N on the pitting corrosion of high nitrogen stainless steels,” Electrochem. Acta, 52, Is. 5, 2175-2180 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2006.08.034
24. L. F. Garfias-Mesias, J. M. Sykes, and C. D. S. Tuck, “The effect of phase compositions on the pitting corrosion of 25 Cr duplex stainless steel in chloride solutions,” Corros. Sci., 38, Is. 8, 1319-1330 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-938X(96)00022-4
25. G. V. Sniznoi, “Dependence of the corrosion behavior of austenitic chromium-nickel steels on the paramagnetic state of austenite,” Mater. Sci., 49, No. 3, 341-346 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11003-013-9620-4
26. O. E. Narivs’kiy, and C. V. Belykov, “Pitting resistance of 06KhN28MDT alloy in chloride-containing media,” Mater. Sci., 44, No. 4, 573-580 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11003-009-9107-5
27. A. Narivskiy, G. Yar-Mukhamedova, E. Temirgaliyeva, M. Mukhtarova, and Y. Yar-Mukhamedov, “Corrosion losses of alloy 06XN28MDT in chloride-containing commercial waters,” in: International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Surveying Geology and Mining Ecology Management, SGEM, Vol. 1, (2016), pp. 63-70.